Other treatments
for arteriovenous malformations
There are different management options for ruptured or un-ruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Treatment depends on:
- Where the abnormality is located
- The patient’s signs and symptoms
- The patient’s overall health
- The risk of treatment.
Treatment is also informed by whether the AVM has bled or is causing other symptoms. As well as Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery treatment options include:
- Observation
- Microsurgery
- Endovascular embolization.
Observation
After a considered review of a patient’s case, arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is sometimes best left untreated. Doctors then observe the patient continuously through regular imaging tests to watch for changes or issues.
Microsurgery
Surgery is often the preferred treatment for arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) that are easily accessible. It is recommended when the patient is at a high risk of bleeding as results are immediate and offer complete cure. However, the AVM needs to be surgically accessible to minimise the risks of damaging surrounding brain tissues in which cases the alternatives such as Gamma knife become a consideration.
Endovascular embolisation
Embolisation is sometimes a useful adjunct to micro and radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). It consists of injecting a substance inside the abnormal arteries to block them off and decrease blood flow to the AVM. It is also called “glue treatment” because of the nature of this substance.
Your treatment: Weighing up risks
A thorough multidisciplinary discussion that includes radiosurgery experts is important before any treatment. Your doctor(s) should discuss treatment options with you and ensure that you understand the benefits against the risks.